Intervals

A minor seventh is an interval spanning ten semitones, commonly used in chords, melodies, and harmonic progressions across many musical styles.

A compound interval is a musical interval that spans more than an octave, such as a ninth or thirteenth. It is measured by counting the number of scale degrees and quality, extending the principles used for simple intervals.

The minor second is the smallest interval in the standard Western twelve‑tone system, spanning one semitone. It is a highly dissonant interval used for expressive tension in melody, harmony, and orchestration.

The major sixth is a musical interval spanning nine semitones, known for its warm, consonant quality. It appears in melodies, harmonies, and chord structures across many musical styles.

A diminished interval is a musical interval that is one semitone smaller than a perfect or minor interval, creating a highly dissonant sound used in various harmonic contexts.

A perfect octave is the interval between two pitches whose frequencies have a 2:1 ratio. It is classified as a perfect interval in Western music theory and is considered the most consonant interval after the unison.

The tritone is a musical interval spanning three whole tones, equivalent to an augmented fourth or diminished fifth. It is known for its dissonant sound and has played a pivotal role in Western harmony, theory, and composition.